All individuals designated as authors must meet the criteria for authorship, and all qualifying individuals should be listed. Each author must have participated sufficiently in the research to assume public responsibility for appropriate sections of the content. One or more authors must take responsibility for the integrity of the entire work, from inception through to the published article. The names and order of the authors cannot be altered once the article is provisionally accepted.

Authorship credit is based solely on the following contributions:

1. Substantial Contributions: Significant contributions to the conception or design of the work, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data.
2. Drafting and Revising: Involvement in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content.
3. Final Approval: Providing final approval of the version to be published.
4. Accountability: Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part are appropriately investigated and resolved.

All four conditions (1, 2, 3, and 4) must be met. Merely acquiring funding, collecting data, downloading references, or providing general supervision of the research group does not justify authorship. For further details, please refer to the ICMJE guidelines: ICMJE Authorship Guidelines.

The order of authorship on the byline should be determined collectively by the co-authors. Authors must be prepared to explain the rationale for the listed order. Once submitted, the order cannot be changed without written consent from all authors.

The manuscript will not be processed unless all authors have read, reviewed, and approved it.

Author Limitations:

• For studies conducted within a single institute, the number of authors should not exceed six.
• For case reports and review articles, the limit is four authors.
• For short communications, the maximum is three authors. A justification is required if the number of authors exceeds these limits, even if from a multicentric unit.

If data from dissertations or theses are published, this must be declared in the cover letter, including details such as the university, year, title, and names of the guide and co-guide, and only with consent from the institution.

Please ensure that all author details are included in the mailing address. Do not direct all communications to a single address or block all emails to authors. This approach is designed to enhance transparency in the submission process.