Oral Sphere
Journal of Dental and Health Sciences
Journal of Dental and Health Sciences
Received: 2025-01-04
Accepted: 2025-03-13
Published: 2025-04-01
Pages: 63-72
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a novel class of biopharmaceuticals. They combine the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potency of small-molecule drugs. This review traces the evolution of ADCs from conception to clinical application and focuses in greater detail on three critical aspects: antibody selection, linker technologies, and payload optimization. We analyse the mechanism of action, shifting emphasis to targeted delivery and controlled release of cytotoxic agents. It discusses FDA-approved ADCs in oncology and promising candidates in clinical trials while exploring emerging applications in autoimmune and infectious diseases. Recent technological breakthroughs in site-specific conjugation and novel payload development are placed alongside ongoing challenges including drug resistance and toxicity management. We evaluate combination therapy approaches and the integration of ADCs into personalized medicine frameworks. This comprehensive review will be a treasure chest for researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical professionals to deal with constantly changing areas of antibody-drug conjugates.
Keywords: Antibody-drug conjugates, targeted therapy, cancer treatment, drug delivery, personalized medicine.
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