Oral Sphere
Journal of Dental and Health Sciences
Journal of Dental and Health Sciences
Received: 2025-06-01
Accepted: 2025-08-05
Published: 2025-10-01
Pages: 263-267
Three-dimensional (3D) printing (additive manufacturing) is a new breakthrough in the modern dentistry that is more accurate, customized, and effective than traditional methods. Initially developed as an industry-scale prototyping system, 3D printing has evolved in a very short time into a digital dentistry core product with imaging, computer-aided design (CAD), and biocompatible material developments. Its applications have since been distributed to a variety of dental specialties, such as in prosthodontics, orthodontics, implantology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontics and endodontics. Crowns, bridges, dentures, surgical guides, aligners and tissue scaffolds can be manufactured using 3D printing in clinical practice and increase predictability of treatment outcome and patient satisfaction significantly. Moreover, the implementation of chairside 3D printing has reduced the dependence on the laboratory, reduced the time of treatment, and optimized the workflow. Recent progress, in bio-printing and regenerative therapies, also promises opportunities in the use of 3D printing in synthesis of scaffolds and biomaterials in bone and periodontal regeneration, and a future of biologically integrated applications. Scattered with its impressive potential, problems can still be pointed out, such as the high start-up cost, lack of long-term statistics on the performance of materials and the fact that regulatory and educational structures are necessary to facilitate safe implementation. Comparison with the literature in the past shows consistent evidence of accuracy and efficiency, and highlights current limitations in material science and standardization. In general, 3D printing is a paradigm shift in dental care, and ongoing technological and scientific advancements bring the industry to the next stage of fully personalized, cost-effective, and regenerative treatment options.
Keywords: Additive manufacturing, Bio-printing, Digital dentistry, Implantology, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics, Regenerative dentistry, Surgical guides
1. Jeong M et al. Dent J (Basel). 2023 Dec 19;12(1):1. [PMID: 38275676]
2. Kessler A et al. Oper Dent. 2020 Jan/Feb;45(1):30-40. Epub 2019 Jun 7. [PMID: 31172871]
3. Bae EJ et al. J Prosthet Dent. 2017 Aug;118(2):187-193. Epub 2017 Jan 12. [PMID: 28089336]
4. Alyami MH et al. Cureus. 2024 Sep 3;16(9):e68501. [PMID: 39364461]
5. Ergül T et al. Turk J Orthod. 2023 Jun 22;36(2):134-142. [PMID: 37346463]
6. Sufaru IG et al. Membranes (Basel). 2022 Sep 19;12(9):902. [PMID: 36135920]
7. Almarshadi R et al. Cureus. 2025 Jun 26;17(6):e86791. [PMID: 40718273]
8. Turkyilmaz I et al. J Dent Sci. 2021 Jul;16(3):1037-1038. Epub 2021 Apr 20. [PMID: 34141126]
9. Prakash J et al. Cureus. 2024 Jan 5;16(1):e51721. [PMID: 38318586]
10. DaSilva AF et al. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2022 Oct;7(1_suppl):16S-24S. [PMID: 36121134]
11. Mukhtarkhanov, M et al. Micromachines 2020, 11, 946. [DOI: 10.3390/mi11100946]
12. Zhou L et al. Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review. Sensors. 2024; 24(9):2668. [DOI: 10.3390/s24092668]
13. Kumar R et al. Discov Mater 5, 152 (2025). [DOI: 10.1007/s43939-025-00349-w]
14. Maiti N et al. Bioinformation. 2024 May 31;20(5):547-550. [DOI: 10.6026/973206300200547]
15. Rezaie F et al. J Compos Sci. 2023 Feb;7(2):80. doi: 10.3390/jcs7020080. Epub 2023 Feb 15 [PMID: 38645939]
16. Schweiger J et al. J Clin Med. 2021 May 7;10(9):2010. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm10092010]
17. Alkhamees A et al. J Orthod Sci. 2024 Nov 25;13:55. [PMID: 39758107]
18. Zhao F et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Feb 22;12:1356580. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1356580]
19. Leonardi RM. et al. J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 14;11(8):2200. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082200]
20. Tian Y et al. Scanning. 2021 Jul 17;2021:9950131. [PMID: 34367410]
21. Farheen Chunara et al. 2024). African Journal of Biomedical Research, 27(3S), 2254-2262. [DOI: 10.53555/AJBR.v27i3S.2597]
22. El-Hady AIA et al. BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 6;24(1):902. [PMID: 39107737]
23. Shujaat S et al. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Oct 1;50(7):20210268. Epub 2021 Sep 14. [PMID: 34520239]
24. Zoabi A et al. J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 24;11(9):2385. [PMID: 35566511]
25. Dawood A et al. Br Dent J. 2015 Dec;219(11):521-9. Erratum in: Br Dent J. 2016 Jan 22;220(2):86. [PMID: 26657435]
26. Revilla-León M et al. J Prosthodont. 2019 Feb;28(2):146-158. Epub 2018 Apr 22. [PMID: 29682823]
27. Beefathimathul H. Precision and Customization: The Role of 3D Printing in Modern Prosthodontics. Eur J Dent. 2025 Jul;19(3):580-586. Epub 2025 Apr 16. [PMID: 40239716]
28. Ramadan Q et al. Front Med Technol. 2021 Jan 28;2:607648. [PMID: 35047890]
